Parkinsonism

Qhov laj thawj meej ntawm Parkinson's Disease tseem tsis paub meej. Cov yam ntxwv xws li genetic predisposition, ib puag ncig cuam tshuam, kev laus, oxidative kev nyuaj siab, thiab degeneration thiab tuag ntawm PD dopaminergic neurons tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm hauv cov txheej txheem kab mob.

Kev laus

Ob qho xwm txheej thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm PD nce nrog hnub nyoog. PD feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab hnub nyoog 60 xyoo, qhia txog kev koom nrog kev laus. Cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev txo qis hauv substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons hauv cov neeg laus li lawv hnub nyoog. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tshwm sim ntawm PD ntawm cov tib neeg muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 65 xyoos tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb, qhia tias kev laus tsuas yog ib qho ntawm cov kev pheej hmoo rau PD.

Genetic Factors

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm caj ces hauv qhov pib ntawm PD tau txais kev lees paub. Txij li thaum nrhiav pom thawj cov noob kab mob rau PD, alpha-synuclein (PARK1), nyob rau xyoo 1990, tsawg kawg yog rau cov noob caj noob ces tau cuam tshuam nrog tsev neeg PD. Txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog 5-10% ntawm cov neeg mob PD muaj keeb kwm ntawm tsev neeg, nrog rau feem ntau yog kis mob. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm caj ces kuj tsuas yog ib qho ntawm ntau yam ua rau PD pib.

Environmental Factors

Xyoo 1980s, cov kws tshawb fawb Asmeskas coj los ntawm Langston pom tias qee cov neeg siv tshuaj tau tsim cov tsos mob zoo li Parkinson, thiab levodopa ua pov thawj zoo. Lawv tau txheeb xyuas cov tshuaj neurotoxic, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv hluavtaws siv los ntawm cov neeg no. MPTP hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv lub hlwb mus rau hauv cov tshuaj lom 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+), uas xaiv nkag mus rau dopaminergic neurons ntawm substantia nigra, inhibiting mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I kev ua, ua rau oxidative kev nyuaj siab, thiab ua rau degeneration thiab Kev tuag ntawm dopaminergic neurons. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau hais tias mitochondrial dysfunction yuav yog ib qho ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic ntawm PD. Cov kev tshawb fawb tom qab hauv thawj cov neeg mob PD tau lees paub qhov kev xaiv poob qis hauv mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I kev ua hauv substantia nigra. Qee cov tshuaj tua kab thiab tshuaj tua kab qhia cov qauv tshuaj nrog MPTP. Qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm MPTP coj mus rau qhov pom tau tias qee yam tshuaj MPTP zoo li hauv ib puag ncig tuaj yeem yog yam ua rau PD. Txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog qee tus ntawm cov neeg siv tshuaj raug cuam tshuam rau MPTP tsim PD, qhia tias PD yuav tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam cuam tshuam.

Lwm yam Factors

Ntxiv nrog rau kev laus thiab caj ces, yam xws li mob hlwb raug mob, haus luam yeeb, haus kas fes, thiab lwm yam, tuaj yeem ua rau nce lossis txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim PD. Kev haus luam yeeb yog cuam tshuam nrog qhov tshwm sim PD, ib qho kev txiav txim zoo sib xws hauv ntau qhov kev tshawb fawb. Caffeine kuj nthuav tawm cov kev tiv thaiv zoo sib xws. Kev raug mob lub hlwb hnyav tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim PD.

Hauv cov ntsiab lus, Parkinson's Disease yuav tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam caj ces thiab ib puag ncig.

Cov tsos mob ntawm Parkinson's Disease feem ntau suav nrog:

Tremors: Feem ntau tshwm sim thaum so, xws li tes tshee thaum so.

Muscle Rigidity: Nyuaj thiab ua haujlwm rau kev txav mus los ua rau muaj kev txwv tsis pub txav mus los.

Slow Movements: Kev txav mus los yuav qeeb, thiab gait yuav me me thiab shuffling.

Balance Impairments: Ib qho kev nyiam rau cov teeb meem sib npaug thiab kev nkag siab ntawm kev tsis ruaj khov.

Cov tsos mob uas tsis yog lub cev muaj zog: Cov no suav nrog kev nyuaj siab, pw tsaug zog tsis zoo, kev paub tsis meej, thiab lwm yam.

Neurological Examination: Cov kws kho mob ntsuas qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub paj hlwb los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas tus neeg mob lub cev muaj peev xwm, lub cev, thiab kev sib npaug.

Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb: Lub hlwb MRI lossis CT scans yog siv los txiav txim siab lwm yam teeb meem ua rau cov tsos mob.

DaTscan: Nuclear tshuaj ntsuam xyuas pab ntsuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm dopamine system.

Kev kuaj mob ntawm Parkinson's Disease yog nyob ntawm cov tsos mob thiab kev kuaj lub cev, thiab feem ntau tsis muaj kev kuaj mob tshwj xeeb kom paub meej tias qhov kev kuaj mob. Cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem soj ntsuam raws li kev kuaj mob rau PD (xws li cov los ntawm UK Parkinson's Disease Society) rau kev ntsuam xyuas.