Izinkanyezi kuma-stem cells! Ucwaningo lomtholampilo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ucwaningo lwamaseli we-mesenchymal stem belulokhu lukhula ngokuqhubekayo, futhi kuze kube manje, ama-athikili angaphezu kuka-47000 ahlobene namaseli e-mesenchymal stem abuyiselwe ku-Pubmed.

Ama-stem cell e-umbilical cord mesenchymal ahlala ethathwa njengamagugu ososayensi futhi ahlala ekhombisa amandla awo okwelapha izifo kanye nokulwa nokuguga.

Namuhla, umhleli uzokuchazela ukuthi ayini ama-stem cell enkaba, futhi abonise ukuthandeka kwamaseli e-mesenchymal stem cell emkhakheni wezokwelapha ngokwethula izimo zokusetshenziswa kocwaningo lwezokwelapha zamaseli esiqu senkaba ye-mesenchymal.

Ayini amaseli stem mesenchymal umbilical cord?

Amaseli esiqu se-umbilical cord mesenchymal (hUC MSCs) asuka enkabeni yezingane ezisanda kuzalwa futhi aphephile futhi akudala kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa namaseli esiqu esidala se-mesenchymal. Banokwanda okunamandla, ukuhlukanisa, namakhono okulawula amasosha omzimba; Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imithombo yamangqamuzana e-mesenchymal stem, amaseli e-stem e-umbilical cord mesenchymal atholakala kuzicubu zentambo ye-umbilical ngaphandle kokulimala emzimbeni womuntu. Ngakho-ke, ama-MSC enkaba alungele ucwaningo lomtholampilo kanye nokusetshenziswa, futhi ayinketho ekhethwayo yokwelashwa kwamaseli kanye nokwelapha okuzivuselelayo.

Amangqamuzana e-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem abonise amandla aphezulu okuhlukanisa ku-vitro, okuhlanganisa ama-chondrocyte, i-adipocytes, ama-osteoblasts, amangqamuzana ohlaka lwamathambo, ama-cardiomyocytes, amangqamuzana esibindi, kanye nokukhiqiza amaseli e-glucagon, amaseli e-somatostatin secreting, amaseli e-glial (oligodendrocytes), nama-neurons e-dopaminergic. Ngakho-ke, amaseli e-stem e-umbilical cord mesenchymal afaneleka kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni komtholampilo kanye nocwaningo lwesayensi.

Amaseli e-Mesenchymal stem asephenduke indawo yokucwaninga

Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ucwaningo lwama-mesenchymal stem cell belulokhu ludlondlobala, kanti i-ClinicalTrials evela ku-NIH e-United States iyisizindalwazi esikhulu kunazo zonke socwaningo lwezokwelapha emhlabeni. Ngokwemiphumela yosesho yedathabheyisi, kusukela ngoMeyi 13, 2019, kube nezifundo zomtholampilo ezingama-753 ezibhaliswe kusizindalwazi mayelana namaseli e-mesenchymal stem. Phakathi kwazo, inani lezifundo zemitholampilo ezenziwa eChina, eYurophu nase-United States liphakathi kwezintathu eziphezulu emhlabeni.

Ngokombono wezinhlobo zezifo ezilashwayo, ucwaningo lomtholampilo kumaseli we-mesenchymal stem lubandakanya amakhulukhulu ezifo. Phakathi kwazo, izifo zemizwa, zenhliziyo, nezamathambo yizindawo ezintathu eziyinhloko zocwaningo, ezibalwa ngaphezu kuka-15%, kanti isamba sidlula ingxenye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye yesifo sikashukela, isibindi, amaphaphu, umgudu wamathumbu, isikhumba, izifo ezizimele kanye nesifo se-graft versus host (GVHD) cishe i-5%, okuwumhlahlandlela obalulekile wocwaningo lomtholampilo wamaseli e-mesenchymal stem.

Icala locwaningo lomtholampilo locwaningo lwamaseli we-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem

01.Izifo ze-metabolic

1.1 Isifo sikashukela

Njengamanje, alikho ikhambi elinamandla lesifo sikashukela ngokomtholampilo, futhi singathembela kuphela ku-insulin noma izidakamizwa ze-in vitro ukunciphisa ushukela egazini, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo sibambisane nokudla nokuzivocavoca. Amaseli we-Mesenchymal stem anamandla okuvuselela iziqhingi ze-pancreatic β Umsebenzi wokuvuselelwa kwamaseli.

E-China, kunezibhedlela ezintathu eziphezulu ezenze ucwaningo lwezokwelapha ngokufakelwa kwe-mesenchymal stem cell ekwelapheni uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo II. Iziguli eziningi ziye zazuza umphumela wokunciphisa ushukela wegazi kanye ne-insulin, futhi ezinye ziye zayeka ngisho nokuthatha imithi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isimo somzimba wesiguli siye saba ngcono futhi isimo saso sempilo encane silungisiwe ngezinga elithile.

I-Fuzhou General Hospital yaseNanjing Military Region ihlole ukuphepha nokusebenza ngempumelelo kwamaseli e-stem mesenchymal cord cord cord ahlanganiswe nama-autologous bone bone mesenchymal stem cell ekwelapheni isifo sikashukela sohlobo I ngaphandle kwe-immunotherapy. Imiphumela yabonisa ukuthi umphumela wokwelapha weziguli ezingama-42 wawumuhle. I-C-Pep inyuke ngo-105.7%, i-insulini inyuke ngo-49.3%, i-HbA1c yehle ngo-12.6%, i-glucose esheshayo yehle ngo-24.4%, kanti isidingo se-insulin sehle ngo-29.2%.

1.2 Izinkinga zesifo sikashukela

Amaseli e-Mesenchymal stem anethuba elibanzi lokusebenza ezinkingeni zesifo sikashukela.

1.2.1 Unyawo lwesifo sikashukela

ESibhedlela Sabantu Sesifundazwe SaseShaanxi, ngaphansi kwezimo eziyingozi, ukumiswa kwe-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell kwajovwa emisipheni ngezikhathi ezingu-3cm x 3cm ezilonda ezigulini ezi-5 ezinesifo sikashukela sohlobo lwe-II olunzima unyawo olunesifo sikashukela. Kulabo abanezilonda ezinzima, imijovo yayihlukaniswa ngo-1cm x 1cm ukusuka onyaweni, kugxilwe ekujovweni eduze kwesilonda. Ngemuva kokwelashwa, izinga lobuhlungu bezinyawo kanye nokuba ndikindiki kwancishiswa kakhulu, i-claudication ephakathi kwaba ngcono ngokuphawulekayo, futhi izilonda zelashwa ngokuphelele.

ESibhedlela Esihlanganisiwe SesiFundazwe sase-Anhui sase-Anhui Medical University, amangqamuzana e-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem ajovwa endaweni yezilonda ezithweni ezithintekile zeziguli ezingu-53 ezinonyawo lwesifo sikashukela se-grade II-IV. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu zokwelashwa, uma kuqhathaniswa neqembu lokulawula, iqembu lokwelapha libonise ukuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo ekushiseni kwesikhumba, inkomba yokucindezela kwe-ankle-brachial, ukungezwani kwe-oksijeni yesikhumba, kanye nebanga lokuhamba.

1.2.2 Isifo sikashukela

I-Clinical Medical College yase-Fuzhou General Hospital, i-Second Military Medical University, kanye neSibhedlela Esihlangene Sase-Changzheng se-Second Military Medical University belaphe iziguli ezingu-15 ngamaseli e-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem ngokungenelela emthanjeni we-pancreatic dorsal, imithambo ye-bilateral renal, kanye nokufakwa kwe-peripheral vein. . Ngemuva kokwelashwa, iziguli zabonisa ukuthuthuka komfutho wegazi, ushukela wegazi, amazinga e-C-peptide, nezinkomba zokusebenza kwezinso. Mayelana nokusebenza kahle komtholampilo ekuthuthukiseni umfutho wegazi we-diastolic kanye nokusebenza kwezinso, iqembu lokwelapha lenza ngcono kuneqembu elilawulayo eliphathwa nge-telmisartan yomlomo kanye nomjovo we-insulin ongaphansi.

02.Izifo zemizwa

2.1 Isifo sikaParkinson

Icala lokuqala lokufakelwa i-stem cell ngenxa yesifo sikaParkinson eChina laqedwa esibhedlela eShijiazhuang. U-Xie Xiyun, oneminyaka engu-76 ubudala wase-Indonesia, ubeneminyaka engaphezu kweshumi ephethwe yisifo sikaParkinson, eba nokuqina nokufinyela kweminwe emithathu yesandla sokudla, ukuqina komzimba, ubunzima bokugwinya, nokulahlekelwa ikhono lokuzinakekela. Emahoreni ambalwa ethole ukufakelwa kwe-mesenchymal stem cell, wakwazi ukudla ngokushelela nangokunethezeka ukubukela ithelevishini ngalobo busuku, ngokuthuthuka okuphawulekayo kwezinye izimpawu.

UDkt. Sun Li wase-China Medical University ufake ukumiswa okuqukethe amaseli esiqu se-umbilical cord mesenchymal emithanjeni yentamo yeziguli ezingu-10 ze-Parkinson's disease. Ngemva kokufakelwa, iziguli zabonisa ukuthuthukiswa kokuma kokuhamba, ukuthuthumela okukhulu, ukunyakaza ngokuzithandela, nokukwazi ukuhlala nokuma. Akugcinanga nje ngokulawula ngempumelelo ukuqhubeka kwesifo sikaParkinson, kodwa futhi kwathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwezicubu zobuchopho ezilimele, ngaleyo ndlela kwathuthukisa izinga lempilo yeziguli.

2.2 ukuwohloka komqondo

Ithimba eliholwa ngu-Zhou Qiang esibhedlela sase-Jinyang eDolobheni lase-Guiyang zelaphe iziguli ezine ezikhulile ezinesifo sokuwohloka komqondo lisebenzisa amaseli e-autologous bone marrow stem cell. Isiguli sokuqala, owesilisa oneminyaka engu-75 ubudala, asibonanga amalungu omndeni ngesikhathi singeniswa futhi sasingakwazi ukulawula isinye kanye namathumbu. Ngemva kokwelashwa kokufakelwa kabusha, lezi zimpawu zaba ngcono ngokushesha, futhi lapho ephuma, akagcinanga nje ngokubona amalungu omkhaya wakubo kodwa waphinde wasebenza esinyeni nasemathunjini okuvamile.

2.3 Ukuqwasha

UDkt. Wang Yali waseSibhedlela Samaphoyisa Ahlomile sase-Zhejiang welaphe iziguli ezingu-19 ezinenkinga yokuqwasha ngokufakwa emthanjeni wamaseli esiqu se-umbilical cord mesenchymal. Lezi ziguli zonke zaba nobunzima bokulala, ukuncipha kwekhwalithi yokulala, nesikhathi sokulala esiphelele esingaphansi kwamahora angu-6. Ngemva kwenyanga eyodwa yokwelashwa, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinga lokulala ezigulini kwakuqhathaniswa nokwemithi ephuzwayo. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbili zokwelashwa, amaphuzu ekhwalithi yokulala yeziguli abengcono kakhulu kunalawo emithi yomlomo. Ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu zokwelashwa, izinga lokulala leziguli nalo lalingcono kakhulu kunelomuthi ophuzwayo, futhi imiphumela yokwelashwa okukodwa yayingathatha unyaka owodwa, ithuthukise kakhulu izinga lokulala ezigulini.

03.Ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha

3.1 Isifo sokuwohloka kwamalunga

Ngawo-1990, uBrittberg nabanye baqala ukufeza imiphumela ethile ekulungiseni ukulimala kwe-cartilage besebenzisa ama-autologous chondrocyte. Ngakho-ke, izifundo eziningi zaqala ukugxila kumaseli we-mesenchymal stem. Amaseli we-Mesenchymal stem angahlukana abe yizicubu ezihlukahlukene futhi alungise i-articular surface cartilage kanye nokulimala kwamathambo e-subchondral.

Ocwaningweni olwenziwe ngu-Akgun et al. kusukela eMnyangweni Wezamathambo kanye Ne-Traumatology e-Istanbul University eTurkey, baqhathanisa imiphumela yokwelapha ye-autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell kanye nama-chondrocyte ezigulini ze-14 ezine-osteoarthritis. Bathole ukuthi iziguli ezithola ukwelashwa kwe-mesenchymal stem cell zibonise ukuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo ekulimaleni kwamadolo kanye nemiphumela ye-osteoarthritis (KOOS) ne-visual analog scale (VAS) scores.

Wakitani et al. kusukela eSikoleni Sezokwelapha sase-Feinberg eNyuvesi yaseNorthwestern kanye naseSibhedlela saseCleveland Clinic eNyuvesi yase-Ohio senze uhlolo lomtholampilo kusetshenziswa amaseli e-mesenchymal stem. Eqenjini lokuhlola, ijeli ye-collagen exutshwe ne-autologous bone-derived mesenchymal stem cell yafakwa ezilonda ze-articular cartilage yeziguli, kuyilapho iqembu elilawulayo lathola kuphela inani elilinganayo lejeli ye-collagen. Womabili amaqembu abonise ukuthuthukiswa komsebenzi ohlangene, kodwa iqembu lokuhlola kuphela elibonisa ukuvuselelwa kwe-cartilage ebonakalayo endaweni yokulimala. Balandele iziguli ezingama-41 ezathola ukwelashwa kwe-mesenchymal stem cell isikhathi esingafika eminyakeni eyi-11 futhi azitholanga izinkinga ezinkulu.

04.Izifo zokuzala

4.1 Ukungazali

Ukulungisa umonakalo omkhulu ku-endometrium, okuyiphupho elibi labesifazane abaningi abayinyumba, manje kungenzeka ngobuchwepheshe bokuvuselela amangqamuzana e-mesenchymal stem cell, okuletha ithemba lokufeza amaphupho abesifazane okuba ngumama.

Ithimba likaSolwazi Hu Yali elivela eMnyangweni Wezokubelethisa Nezifo Zabesifazane esibhedlela saseGulou eNanjing, lisebenzisana nethimba likaSolwazi Dai Jianwu eliphuma ku-Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology ye-Chinese Academy of Sciences, lathuthukiswa ngempumelelo, okokuqala ngqa emhlabeni jikelele, indlela yokuhlanganisa i-collagen scaffolds enamaseli we-mesenchymal stem. Ngokuhlanganisa amasu endabuko e-hysteroscopic, bathole ukulungiswa okusebenzayo kwe-endometrium eyonakele, ukusiza iziguli ezintathu ukufeza amaphupho azo okuba omama.

UNksz. Hu wase-Yancheng, e-Jiangsu, waphuphunyelwa yizisu ezintathu zemvelo phakathi kweminyaka engu-31 nengu-34, okuholele ekunamatheleni okukhulu emgodini wakhe wesibeletho ngenxa yokuhlinzwa kokuhlinzwa kwesibeletho ngemva kokuphuma kwesisu. Sisebenzisa amaseli e-mesenchymal stem, isibhedlela iGulou eNanjing silungise ngempumelelo i-endometrium yakhe phakathi nezinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili. Lokhu kwamenza wakwazi ukukhulelwa ngempumelelo, kwathi ngoJulayi 17, 2014, wabeletha umntwana wokuqala “womuthi ovuselelayo” eChina.

I-mesenchymal stem cell yesibhedlela saseNanjing Gulou "ukuhlinzwa kokuvuselelwa kabusha kwe-endometrial" kwenze ngempumelelo iziguli eziyi-13 ezingatholi abantwana ezinembobo eqinile yesibeletho ukuba zikhulelwe futhi zizale, okubangele "izingane zemithi yokuvuselela kabusha" eziyi-14 ezinempilo.

4.2 Ukwehluleka kwe-ovarian ngaphambi kwesikhathi

Ukwehluleka kwe-ovarian ngaphambi kwesikhathi kubhekisela esimweni lapho abesifazane bethola khona i-ovarian atrophy futhi bayeke ukukhipha i-ovulation ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-40. Njengamanje, cishe i-1% yabesifazane abaneminyaka yobudala yokuzala emhlabeni wonke ihlangabezana nokwehluleka kwe-ovarian ngaphambi kwesikhathi, okwenza kube yimbangela enkulu yokungazali kwabesifazane.

USolwazi uWu Ji kanye nethimba lakhe lase-Shanghai Jiao Tong University e-China bahlukanise amaseli okuzala wesifazane kusukela kumagundane aluhlaza anesonto elilodwa ukuya kwamabili ubudala. Ngemuva kokuhlanzwa, isiko, nezinye izinqubo, lawa maseli adluliselwa kumagundane anokwehluleka kwe-ovarian ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Imiphumela yocwaningo ibonise ukuthi ama-stem cells okuzala wesifazane, njengamanye ama-stem cells, anezakhiwo ze-homing. Ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, amanye amangqamuzana ahlukana futhi kancane kancane akhula abe ama-oocyte avuthiwe, ngaleyo ndlela abuyisele ukusebenza kwe-ovarian.

4.3 I-Erectile Dysfunction (ED)

Ukusebenzisa i-stem cell therapy yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile kungashintsha amaseli ezicubu zomthondo alimele noma afile futhi kufihle izici zokulungisa amaseli ezicubu zomthondo angasebenzi.

Iziguli eziyishumi nanhlanu zokungasebenzi kahle kwe-erectile eDenmark zithole i-mesenchymal stem cell infusions ngaphandle kwemithi noma ukufakelwa kwe-penile. Ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, amadoda ayisishiyagalombili akwazi ukuhlanganyela ubulili ngokujwayelekile.

05.Izifo ezizimele

Ngo-2007, uSolwazi Sun Lingyun e-China welaphe ngempumelelo amacala amabili e-refractory systemic lupus erythematosus esebenzisa amaseli e-mesenchymal stem, futhi ngonyaka olandelayo, welapha amanye amacala ayisishiyagalolunye. Ngemuva kokwelashwa, izimpawu zeziguli zancishiswa kakhulu, futhi akuzange kube khona ukuphindaphinda phakathi nokulandelwa kwezinyanga ezingu-6.

Ngo-2012, uMnyango Wezokwelapha Nezifo Zomzimba we-Jiangsu University Affiliated Hospital wafaka amangqamuzana e-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem ezigulini ezingu-21 ezine-systemic lupus erythematosus, okunciphise kakhulu amazinga amaprotheni omchamo kulezi ziguli, kwehle ukusebenza kwezifo, futhi kwehlisa i-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Isikolo senkomba yesifo.

Umthelela we-mesenchymal stem cell transplantation emsebenzini wesifo kanye namaprotheni omchamo ezigulini ezine-systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Ngo-2013, uMnyango We-Rheumatology and Immunology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University kanye ne-Jingzhou First People's Hospital yanikeza amaseli esiqu se-umbilical cord mesenchymal nge-anterior cubital vein ezigulini ezingu-18 ezine-systemic lupus erythematosus. Ngemva kwenyanga eyodwa, iziguli eziningi zabonisa ukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo kwezimpawu zomtholampilo kanye nezimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukukhathala, nobuthakathaka uma kuqhathaniswa nangaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha.

06.anti-ukuguga

Ukuguga komzimba womuntu kuhlobene nenani le-stem cell elinganele noma elingasebenzi. Njengoba iminyaka ikhula, kuba nokuthambekela kokwehla kukho kokubili ubuningi kanye nekhwalithi yama-stem cells emzimbeni. Lo mkhuba uholela ekwehleni nasekugugeni kwamangqamuzana alimele kanye nezitho nezicubu ezakhiwe ngamaseli, okuholela empilweni engafanele nokuguga. Amaseli e-stem e-Mesenchymal anamandla okuhlukaniswa okunamandla amaningi, akwazi ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zamaseli adingekayo emzimbeni. Ngokufaka ama-stem cells anganele emzimbeni kanye nokulungisa izitho nezicubu ezilimele, amaseli e-mesenchymal stem adlala indima ekulweni nokuguga.

Ngokukhula kwesithakazelo kanye nokusetshenziswa kocwaningo lwe-umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell, kukholakala ukuthi esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, zizosetshenziswa kabanzi ezindaweni zomtholampilo, ngaleyo ndlela zinikeze ukubaluleka okukhulu empilweni yomuntu.