Ukuhumusha: "I-Cerebral Palsy-Akuyona into oyicabangayo."

"Cerebral palsy" igama elivinjwa ngokuzenzakalelayo abazali abaningi abahilelekile. Ekuqondeni okungokwesiko kwabazali abaningi, "ukukhubazeka kwengqondo" kusho "ukukhubazeka kwengqondo okungenakulungiseka kanye nokuphazamiseka kokuhamba ngokomzimba." Ngakho-ke, ingabe i-cerebral palsy iyesabisa kangako ngempela? Ingabe ayikho ngempela indlela yokuthuthukisa i-cerebral palsy?

Umbono oyiphutha 1: Iyini i-cerebral palsy?

I-Cerebral palsy ibhekisela ku-non-progressive syndrome yokulimala kobuchopho okubangelwa izici ezihlukahlukene phakathi nesikhathi sokubeletha kuya kwesezinsana, kuze kufike enyangeni eyodwa ngemva kokuzalwa. Ibonakala ngokuyinhloko njengokukhubazeka kwemilenze, okuhlanganisa ukuphazamiseka kwemoto emaphakathi, ithoni yemisipha engavamile, ukuma okungavamile kokunyakaza, kanye nokungajwayelekile kwe-reflex. Ukwengeza, i-cerebral palsy ivame ukuhambisana nokunye ukukhubazeka kokusebenza kobuchopho njengokukhubazeka kwengqondo, isithuthwane, ukukhubazeka kokubona, i-strabismus, ne-nystagmus. Kungase futhi kubandakanye ukungezwa, ukuphazamiseka kolimi, ukungakwazi ukuqonda, nokungalungi kokuziphatha.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ezigulini eziningi ze-cerebral palsy, uphawu oluyinhloko ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe. Lo mehluko ubalulekile ngesikhathi sosana. Ngonyaka wokuqala noma emibili ngemva kokuzalwa, kunzima ukunquma ukuthi ukukhula kwengqondo kuyinto evamile yini, okuholela abazali abaningi ukuba baphuthelwe isikhathi esifanelekile sokuvimbela nokwelashwa kwe-cerebral palsy.

Umbono oyiphutha 2: Itholakala kanjani i-cerebral palsy?

Njengamanje, noma yikuphi ukuxilongwa kwe-imaging kuphela (okuhlanganisa i-ultrasound, i-CT, ne-MRI) akukwazi ukuqinisekisa ukukhubazeka kobuchopho. Ukuxilongwa kufanele kusekelwe ezimpawu zomtholampilo zokuphazamiseka kwezimoto. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi noma yikuphi ukuxilongwa kwezithombe kubonisa isifinyezo sobuchopho ngesikhathi esithile, okubonisa lapho kukhona ukulimala kobuchopho; Nokho, ayikwazi ukubikezela ukuthi lo monakalo uzoholela yini ekukhuleni kobuchopho okungavamile futhi ekugcineni kubangele ukukhubazeka kobuchopho.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-cerebral palsy ngokuyinhloko kuncike ekubonakalisweni komtholampilo. Ukubonakaliswa komtholampilo kuhilela ukubheka izinkomba ezinhlanu ezinkulu zezimoto ezinganeni: ikhono lokugijima, ikhono elihle lokunyakazisa umzimba, ukukhuluma ngolimi, ukukhula kwengqondo, namakhono okuxhumana. Imibiko ye-MRI ivame ukusho izenzakalo ezifana nokopha ebuchosheni, ukuthamba kwezicubu zobuchopho, nokuthuthuka okungavamile, kodwa lezi akuzona izinkomba zokuxilonga ze-cerebral palsy. Ukuxilongwa okuqinisekile kudinga odokotela abakhethekile ukuze bahlanganise umlando wezokwelapha wengane kanye nezimpawu zomtholampilo.

Umbono oyiphutha 3: I-cerebral palsy ingatholwa nini?

Izingane eziningi ezithola ukopha ebuchosheni lapho zizalwa zibizwa ngokushesha ngokuthi zine-cerebral palsy. I-Cerebral palsy ibhekisela esimweni lapho amakhono omntwana emisipha eyeka ukukhula. Nokho, ubuchopho bomuntu buyisitho esiphawulekayo, ikakhulukazi ubuchopho bomntwana, obukhula ngokushesha eminyakeni emithathu yokuqala ngemva kokuzalwa. Ngokuqondisa okusebenzayo kokubuyisela, ubuchopho bunamandla athile okulungisa nokunxephezela.

Ngakho-ke, ukuxilongwa okuqinisekile kwe-cerebral palsy kufanele kwenziwe kuphela lapho ingane okungenani ineminyaka emibili noma emithathu ubudala. Nakuba ezinye izingane zingase zibonise izimpawu ze-cerebral palsy ngemva konyaka owodwa, lezi zimpawu aziqiniseki noma aziguquki. Ngamanye amazwi, izingane ezinomlando wokopha ebuchosheni lapho zizalwa zibhekwa njengabasengozini enkulu yokukhubazeka kobuchopho, amazinga aphezulu okopha abonisa ingozi enkulu. Ngakho-ke, lezi zingane zihlukaniswa njengabantu abasengozini enkulu kunokuba kutholakale ukuthi bane-cerebral palsy.

Umbono oyiphutha 4: I-Cerebral palsy ayinakungenelela nayo.

Ngeshwa, uma umntwana kutholakala ukuthi une-cerebral palsy eneminyaka emibili noma emithathu, ubuchwepheshe bezokwelapha bamanje abukwazi ukuyelapha. Kodwa-ke, ukusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezisekelayo nezindlela zokuvuselela kungadambisa okunye ukuhlupheka okubangelwa ukukhubazeka kobuchopho, kuthuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kwemisipha, futhi kuthuthukise izinga lempilo.

Eqenjini "elisengozini enkulu", ucwaningo olwengeziwe luye lwabonisa ukuthi ukungenelela kusenesikhathi, ikakhulukazi ukuqaliswa okufika ngesikhathi kokuvuselelwa kwemoto okujwayelekile kanye nokuhlinzwa okuguquguqukayo kokusebenza kobuchopho, kunomphumela ocacile wokubuyisela ekulimaleni kobuchopho ezinganeni ezithintekile.

Ukwelashwa okuphelele okuhlanganisa ukuhlinzwa kwe-stereotactic nokuqeqeshwa kokuvuselela.

Ucwaningo lwamanje lwezokwelapha luye lwathola futhi lwaqinisekisa ukuthi ukuqeqeshwa kokuvuselela okujwayelekile kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kungasiza ekulungiseni umsebenzi wobuchopho. Ukuqeqeshwa kokuhlunyeleliswa kanye nokulungiswa kobuchopho kuyahambisana; ukuqeqeshwa okufanele kunikeza ukugqugquzela okuhle ebuchosheni, ukukhuthaza ipulasitiki nokulungiswa kwayo. Njengoba ukuhlanganiswa kobuchopho kuqinisa, kusheshisa inqubo yokuvuselela, futhi uma lokhu kuqeqeshwa kuqala kuqala, kungcono. Ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa, ikakhulukazi ukuhlinzwa kokushintshashintsha kokusebenza kobuchopho (ukuhlinzwa kwe-stereotactic), kungabhekana nezinkinga zokukhubazeka kwemilenze ukuqeqeshwa kokubuyisela esimweni kuphela okungeke kube ngcono, okufana nethoni ephezulu yemisipha, ukugogeka kwemisipha, nokungasebenzi kahle kwemoto.

Izingane eziningi ezine-spastic cerebral palsy zinemizimba ehlala isesimweni sokungezwani okukhulu isikhathi eside, okuholela ekufushanisweni kwemisipha nokuqina kwamalunga kanye nokukhubazeka. Bavame ukuhamba ngamathiphu, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, bangase babe nokukhubazeka noma i-hemiplegia kuzo zombili izitho ezingezansi. Kuleli qophelo, ukugxila kokwelashwa kufanele kube sekwelashweni okuphelele okuhlanganisa ukuhlinzwa kwe-stereotactic nokubuyisela esimweni. Ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa akugcini nje ngokuthuthukisa izimpawu zokukhubazeka kwemoto kodwa futhi kwakha isisekelo esihle sokuqeqeshwa kokubuyisela esimweni esivamile. Ukuqeqeshwa kokuvuselelwa kwangemva kokuhlinzwa kuphinde kuqinise imiphumela yokuhlinzwa, kukhuthaze ukubuyiswa kwemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yezimoto, futhi ekugcineni kufinyelele umgomo wokwenza ngcono isikhathi eside izinga lempilo.